Hexagram 54 · 周易第54卦

雷泽归妹

Guī Mèi · The Marrying Maiden
上震 下兑

Hexagram 54 depicts the younger sister given in marriage as a secondary wife — a union formed outside the proper sequence, driven by desire rather than propriety. Guī Mèi describes relationships and situations where one enters a subordinate or irregular position, and the wisdom required to navigate such circumstances with dignity.

卦辞 · Judgment
卦辞原文

归妹:征凶,无攸利。

少女出嫁而非正配、以悦而动失其位:此时贸然行动有凶,无所利——名分不正之事不可为。

Interpretive translationThe Marrying Maiden. Undertakings bring misfortune. Nothing that would further.

彖传

彖曰:归妹,天地之大义也。天地不交,而万物不兴,归妹人之终始也。说以动,所归妹也。征凶,位不当也。无攸利,柔乘刚也。

象传(大象)

象曰:泽上有雷,归妹;君子以永终知敝。

泽上有雷,少女从长男;君子效法它,谋求善终而预知可能的弊病。

爻辞 · Line Texts
初九

归妹以娣,跛能履,征吉。

象曰:归妹以娣,以恒也。跛能履吉,相承也。

The marrying maiden as a concubine. A lame man who is able to tread. Undertakings bring good fortune.

九二

眇能视,利幽人之贞。

象曰:利幽人之贞,未变常也。

A one-eyed man who is able to see. The perseverance of a solitary man furthers.

六三

归妹以须,反归以娣。

象曰:归妹以须,未当也。

The marrying maiden as a slave. She marries as a concubine.

九四

归妹愆期,迟归有时。

象曰:愆期之志,有待而行也。

The marrying maiden draws out the allotted time. A late marriage comes in due course.

六五

帝乙归妹,其君之袂,不如其娣之袂良,月几望,吉。

象曰:帝乙归妹,不如其娣之袂良也。其位在中,以贵行也。

The sovereign I gave his daughter in marriage. The embroidered garments of the princess were not as splendid as those of the servingmaid. The moon nearly full brings good fortune.

上六

女承筐无实,士刲羊无血,无攸利。

象曰:上六无实,承虚筐也。

The woman holds the basket, but there are no fruits in it. The man stabs the sheep, but no blood flows. Nothing that acts to further.

Reading notes

Structure

Guī Mèi is formed by Thunder (Zhen ☳) above Lake (Dui ☱). Thunder moves above the lake — the elder brother leads, the younger sister follows. Thunder represents movement and initiative; Lake represents joy and expression. The combination depicts a relationship driven by emotional attraction and impulse rather than careful deliberation and proper sequence.

Judgment and Image

The Judgment states: The Marrying Maiden. Undertakings bring misfortune. Nothing that would further. The Image shows thunder over the lake — the superior person understands the transitory in the light of the eternity of the end. The warning against undertakings is significant: this is not a time for new initiatives but for understanding one's position and acting accordingly. The reference to eternity points to the importance of long-term perspective over short-term desire.

Core meaning

The central teaching of Guī Mèi is the importance of understanding one's actual position in a situation — not the position one wishes to occupy, but the one that actually exists. The younger sister who enters as a secondary wife has real value and can find genuine fulfillment, but only if she understands and accepts her actual role rather than striving for a position that is not hers.

This hexagram is the counterpart to Jiàn (Development) — where Jiàn describes the proper, gradual sequence of development, Guī Mèi describes what happens when that sequence is bypassed. The result is not necessarily disaster, but it requires a different kind of wisdom: the ability to find meaning and dignity within constraints that one did not choose.

In Liuyao readings, Guī Mèi often appears when the querent has entered a situation through irregular means — a job obtained through connections rather than merit, a relationship that began as an affair, a position of secondary importance. The hexagram does not condemn these situations but counsels clear-eyed acceptance of their actual nature and the wisdom to act appropriately within them.

The warning against undertakings is practical: in an irregular position, ambitious initiatives are likely to backfire. The wiser course is to consolidate one's actual position, demonstrate value through service, and allow time to clarify what is possible.

In divination

When Guī Mèi appears in a reading, it signals a situation where one's position is irregular or subordinate. For career questions, it may indicate that ambitious moves will backfire and that consolidating one's current position is wiser. For relationships, it may point to an imbalance that requires honest acknowledgment.

Guī Mèi is favorable for accepting one's actual position, finding dignity within constraints, and long-term perspective. It is unfavorable for new initiatives, ambitious moves, or refusing to acknowledge the actual nature of one's situation.

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